Pedestrian Volume Studies

Let’s count pedestrians!

AxU Platform
2 min readAug 18, 2020

There are three ways to count pedestrian volume through manual counting, automatic counting, and video counting.

The count data is used to generate general statistics of the area (e.g. percentages of genders, volume directions, ages, etc.) to create volume patterns. A short-time model (e.g., 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, etc.) expands it to hourly volumes. In general, 15-minute periods are used as the base value for the rate of flow (Roess, et al., 2004).

Daily distribution of crossing pedestrian volumes (percentages) in four residential neighborhoods (source: transportation research record 1168. Hocherman, A)

The average daily (24hr) volume distributions in four residential neighborhoods in the city of Haifa considering three peak periods: morning peak (7–8), a noon peak (12–13), afternoon peak (16–19)

Volume patterns differ between different places (land use diversity), mainly because all the different activities that users perform are not concentrated in one area (FHWA, 2001).

To the left, twelve-hour volume patterns for different types of land uses (modified from Davis, et al., 1988) and to the right and illustration of the relation of the pattern with land use.

Manual counting (paper & pen)

Biannual bicyclist and pedestrian counts
Manual Pedestrians and Bicyclist Counts Sheet (https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/22223/chapter/9)
(https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2018/8/13/a-losing-proposition)

Automatic counting (sensor)

Monitor and assess bicycle and pedestrian traffic

Video counting (camera & computer)

Pedestrian Counting with TensorFlow
Automatic Traffic Volume Counting by Cameras (https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures8030044)

Example of counting exercise: “How do pedestrians choose routes during evening peak hours?”

Location: Central Square, Cambridge / 24 spots

Time: Evening peak hour (5–8 pm), 15-min count

Let’s do your own excersice!

Betweenness Analysis by NNA Toolbox

Set up “Origins / Destinations / Research Question and Hypothesis”

Materials: counting sheet, pen, clicker for counting, camera, etc.

Counting sheet download — Link

Example file of NNA Toolbox — Link

Seoul Hangang Park Neighborhood Area
Betweenness (Origin: entertainment, retail / Destination: Park)
Number of Visit (Origin: entertainment, retail / Destination: Park)

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AxU Platform

All about urban spatial analytics and the Numeric Network Analysis (NNA) add-on for Rhino Grasshopper. (https://www.archiurbanplatform.com)